دانلود مقاله تبيين نقش ويژگي‌هاي فرديِ مؤثر بر اشتغال دانش‌آموختگان دختر آموزش عالي (مطالعه‌ي موردي:

تبيين نقش ويژگي‌هاي فرديِ مؤثر بر اشتغال دانش‌آموختگان دختر آموزش عالي (مطالعه‌ي موردي: دانشگاه كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي رامين- اهواز)




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[TD="class: align, width: 50%, colspan: 2"] عنوان (انگلیسی): Explaining the role of personal characteristics affecting the employment of higher education female graduates (Case study: agriculture and natural resources university of Ramin-Ahvaz)
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[TD="class: align, width: 50%, colspan: 2"] نشریه: زن در توسعه و سياست [/TD]
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[TD="class: align, width: 50%, colspan: 2"] شماره: زن در توسعه و سياست (دوره: ۸، شماره: ۳۱) [/TD]
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[TD="class: align, width: 50%, colspan: 2"] نویسنده: بهمن خسروي‌پور ، محمدرضا سليمانپور [/TD]
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[TD="class: align, width: 50%, colspan: 2"] کلیدواژه‌ها : دانش‌آموختگان دختر ، اشتغال ، آموزش عالي كشاورزي ، ويژگي‌هاي فردي [/TD]
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[TD="class: align, width: 50%, colspan: 2"] کلیدواژه‌ها (انگلیسی): Personal characteristics , Female graduates , Employment , Agricultural higher education [/TD]
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[TD="class: align, width: 50%, colspan: 2"] چکیده:

مطالعه‌ي حاضر به‌منظور تبيين نقش ويژگي‌هاي فرديِ مؤثر بر اشتغال دانش‌آموختگانِ دخترِ دانشگاه كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي رامين انجام مي‌گيرد. اين تحقيق از نوع كاربردي است و با استفاده از روش علي- ارتباطي صورت مي‌پذيرد. با توجه به هدف تحقيق،‏ متغيرهاي مستقل آن ويژگي‌هاي فردي دانش‌آموختگان است كه در اين‌جا در دو گروه ويژگي‌هاي روان‌شناختي و جامعه‌شناختي مطرح مي‌شوند و متغير وابسته نيز اشتغال دانش‌آموختگان است. در اين مطالعه از پرسش‌نامه به‌عنوان ابزار گردآوري داده‌ها استفاده شد. پايايي پرسش‌نامه از طريق ضريب كرونباخ (آلفا 83%) محاسبه گرديد. جامعه‌ي آماري؛ كليه‌ي دانش‌آموختگان دختر دانشگاه كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي رامين سال‌هاي 84 تا 87 مي‌باشند كه از بين آن-ها 140 نفر به‌عنوان نمونه‌ي آماري از طريق نمونه‌گيريِ طبقاتيِ متناسب انتخاب شدند. تجزيه و تحليل اطلاعات در اين تحقيق با استفاده از نرم‌افزار اس.پي.اس.اس ((SPSS انجام مي‌گيرد. بر اساس نتايج به‌دست‌آمده،‏ 6‎/58 درصد از افراد مورد مطالعه شاغل هستند كه بيش از نيمي از آن‌ها در بخش دولتي و بقيه در بخش خصوصي يا به‌صورت خوداشتغالي مشغول به‌كار هستند. مطابق يافته‌هاي اين مطالعه،‏ محدود بودن فرصت‌هاي اشتغال براي زنان در بخش كشاورزي،‏ حمايت نكردن دولت از دانش‌آموختگان رشته‌هاي كشاورزي،‏ و ارتباط نداشتنِ دانشكده‌هاي كشاورزي با بخش كشاورزي،‏ از موانع مهم اشتغال دانش‌آموختگان دختر در بخش كشاورزي تلقي مي‌شود. ضمن اين‌كه بر اساس نتايج تحليل رگرسيون،‏ ويژگي اعتمادبه‌نفس به‌عنوان مؤثرترين متغير در اشتغال دانش‌آموختگان دختر ارزيابي مي‌شود به‌طوري كه با افزايش اعتمادبه‌نفس در دانش‌آموختگان دختر،‏ اشتغال آنان نيز به‌طور مثبت و معنا‌دار تحت تأثير قرار مي‌گيرد. ​

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[TD="class: align, width: 50%, colspan: 2"] چکیده (انگلیسی):

Human resources play a crucial role in Iran’s economic growth. Men make
up the majority of the economically active population; however, there has been a surge in female employment since 1995, with a higher pace in the past recent decades. In the early current century, women in more privileged education groups were more likely to work for pay. Education and employment experience increased women’s potential earnings, making the opportunity cost of staying home greater. They may also be indicators of more interest in and commitment to paid work, as well as access to more interesting jobs. Probably for all these reasons, studies have long found a positive effect of education on employment. On the other hand, nowadays employment status of higher educated women is considered to be a major issue through developing countries in the world. In addition, Iran’s agriculture sector is faced with the shortage of qualified and powerful workforce, since there is not a self-employment sprit, and thus most of the agriculture female graduates are unemployed. The current study aims to explain the role of personal characteristics affecting female graduates’ employment in agriculture and natural resources university of Ramin. Some specific objectives of this study are as follows: 1) Identification of the personal, occupational, and educational characteristics of female graduates in agriculture and natural resources university of Ramin; 2) Prioritizing barriers of female graduates’ employment in agriculture sector; 3) Comparing female graduates with each other based on occupational status and graduation time; 4) Regression analysis of effectiveness of psychological and sociological variables on employment of female graduates in agriculture sector. The study uses a descriptive-correlative method. The independent variables include personal characteristics which are categorized as psychological and sociological characteristics, and dependent variable constitutes graduates’ employment measured on an interval scale. Data collection is carried out through questionnaires and the reliability of which is calculated by Cronbach Alpha coefficient to stand at 83%. The population is female graduates of agriculture and natural resources university of Ramin who graduated within the period of 2005 to 2008, out of which 140 are selected through stratified sampling. The data is analyzed using the computer software 'Statistical Package for the Social Science' (SPSS) program. The responses are coded before being transferred into the SPSS format. The research results show that 41% of female graduates in the studied university are unemployed. Meanwhile 68% of female graduates, who are employed, state that their field of study is proportionate with their occupations. Based on the results 58.6% of graduates are employed and more than half of them are working in public sector and the remaining are in private sector or self-employed. According to the results of the study, limited job opportunities for women in agriculture, lack of governmental support for agricultural graduates, and lack of communication between agricultural faculties and agricultural sector are considered as important barriers to employment of female graduates in agricultural sector. Also based on regression analysis, self confidence is the most effective variable affecting the employment of female graduates. So that by increasing self confidence in female graduates, their employment is influenced positively and significantly. According to step by step regression, this variable along with seven other variables named financial possibilities, independence demanding and free hand, occupational experience, risk-taking, age, education, and initiating could specify 56.5% of changes of dependent variable of the research.
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[TD="class: align, width: 50%, colspan: 2"] فایل مقاله : [دریافت (246.6 kB)] ‏355 دریافت تاكنون
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